# Subscription payment creation (recurring)


Recurring SBP payments let you automatically charge a customer's bank account without their repeated involvement. The account is identified by a **token** issued during the initial binding.

Contact your 1Payment account manager to enable this feature for your project.

## How it works

The SBP subscription flow consists of four steps:

1. **Account binding (first request)** — you complete a successful payment with an amount **greater than `0`** and `subscribe=1` via the [payment form](./init-form.md) or [GATE](./host2host.md). The payer confirms binding in the bank app.
2. **Receiving the token** — after bank confirmation, 1Payment sends a callback with a unique `token`. Store it for subsequent charges.
3. **Automatic charge (recurring)** — for repeat payments, your server calls GATE (`init_payment`) with the stored `token`. The charge completes without payer involvement.
4. **Notification** — after each charge attempt, a callback arrives with the final transaction result.

## Technical details

| Stage | Endpoint | Methods |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Subscription registration (form) | `https://api.1payment.com/init_form` | `GET`, `POST` |
| Subscription registration (GATE) | `https://api.1payment.com/init_payment` | `GET`, `POST` |
| Recurring charge (GATE) | `https://api.1payment.com/init_payment` | `POST` (recommended), `GET` |

Response format: **JSON**. For SBP, specify `payment_type=sbp` in requests.

## 1. Subscription registration (first request)

To register a subscription, complete a **successful payment** with an amount **greater than `0`** and `subscribe=1`. See [Form payment creation](./init-form.md) and [Host-to-host payment creation (GATE)](./host2host.md) for form and GATE parameters. Below is the required set for binding.

### Required parameters (initiation)

| Parameter | Type | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `partner_id` | Integer | Your unique ID in the 1Payment system. |
| `project_id` | Integer | Your project identifier. |
| `amount` | Number | Payment amount for binding — greater than `0` (for example, `50.00`). |
| `subscribe` | Integer | Subscription creation flag. Always `1`. |
| `payment_type` | String | For SBP, always `sbp`. |
| `user_data` | String | Your unique order ID for matching. |
| `shop_url` | String | URL of the site where the purchase is made. |
| `sign` | String | Request signature (see below). |

### Optional parameters (initiation)

| Parameter | Type | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `description` | String | Subscription description for the customer. |
| `success_url` | String | Customer redirect URL on success. |
| `failure_url` | String | Customer redirect URL on error. |
| `user_id` | String | Payer ID in your system. |

**Signature for form registration** — prefix `init_form`. **Via GATE** — prefix `init_payment`.

```text
MD5(init_form + <параметры_без_sign_в_алфавитном_порядке_через_&> + <API_KEY>)
```

```text
MD5(init_payment + <параметры_без_sign_в_алфавитном_порядке_через_&> + <API_KEY>)
```

## 2. Recurring charge (repeat payments)

To charge automatically, send a GATE request with the stored `token`. With an active subscription, customer involvement is not required.

### Required parameters (recurring)

| Parameter | Type | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `partner_id` | Integer | Your unique ID in the 1Payment system. |
| `payment_type` | String | Always `sbp`. |
| `project_id` | Integer | Your project identifier. |
| `amount` | Number | Amount of the recurring charge (for example, `50.00`). |
| `token` | String | Token received during subscription registration (from the callback). |
| `user_data` | String | New unique transaction ID. |
| `shop_url` | String | URL of the payment source site. |
| `sign` | String | Request signature (prefix `init_payment`). |

### Signature generation (`sign`)

```text
MD5(init_payment + <параметры_без_sign_в_алфавитном_порядке_через_&> + <API_KEY>)
```

### Signature verification (recurring charge)

{% signatureVerifier method="init_payment" preset="sbp_recurring_payment" /%}

## Request examples

{% codeTabs %}
{% tab label="Node.js" %}

```javascript
const crypto = require('crypto');
const axios = require('axios');

// 1. Инициация подписки (первичная привязка)
async function setupSbpSubscription(apiKey, params) {
  const sortedKeys = Object.keys(params).sort();
  const queryString = sortedKeys.map((k) => `${k}=${params[k]}`).join('&');

  const baseString = `init_form${queryString}${apiKey}`;
  params.sign = crypto.createHash('md5').update(baseString).digest('hex');

  const response = await axios.post('https://api.1payment.com/init_form', params);
  return response.data; // ссылка для подтверждения в приложении банка
}

// 2. Рекуррентное списание (по токену)
async function chargeSbpByToken(apiKey, params) {
  const sortedKeys = Object.keys(params).sort();
  const queryString = sortedKeys.map((k) => `${k}=${params[k]}`).join('&');

  const baseString = `init_payment${queryString}${apiKey}`;
  params.sign = crypto.createHash('md5').update(baseString).digest('hex');

  const response = await axios.post('https://api.1payment.com/init_payment', params);
  return response.data;
}

const secretKey = process.env.ONEPAYMENT_API_KEY;

// Пример: привязка
const setupData = {
  partner_id: 1234,
  project_id: 5678,
  amount: '50.00',
  subscribe: 1,
  payment_type: 'sbp',
  user_data: 'sbp_setup_777',
  shop_url: 'http://myshop.ru',
};
// setupSbpSubscription(secretKey, setupData).then(console.log);

// Пример: списание
const recurringData = {
  partner_id: 1234,
  payment_type: 'sbp',
  project_id: 5678,
  token: 'sbp_t_1a2b3c',
  amount: '500.00',
  user_data: 'sbp_order_888',
  shop_url: 'http://myshop.ru',
};
chargeSbpByToken(secretKey, recurringData).then(console.log);
```

{% /tab %}
{% tab label="Python" %}

```python
import hashlib
import os
import requests

def charge_sbp_by_token(api_key: str, params: dict) -> dict:
    # 1. Сортировка параметров
    sorted_keys = sorted(params.keys())
    query_string = "&".join(f"{k}={params[k]}" for k in sorted_keys)

    # 2. Подпись init_payment
    base_string = f"init_payment{query_string}{api_key}"
    params["sign"] = hashlib.md5(base_string.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()

    # 3. POST-запрос (рекуррент)
    response = requests.post("https://api.1payment.com/init_payment", data=params)
    response.raise_for_status()
    return response.json()

api_key = os.environ["ONEPAYMENT_API_KEY"]
data = {
    "partner_id": 1234,
    "payment_type": "sbp",
    "project_id": 5678,
    "token": "sbp_t_1a2b3c",
    "amount": "500.00",
    "user_data": "sbp_order_888",
    "shop_url": "http://myshop.ru",
}
print(charge_sbp_by_token(api_key, data))
```

{% /tab %}
{% tab label="PHP" %}

```php
<?php

function chargeSbpByToken(string $apiKey, array $params): string
{
    // 1. Сортировка параметров по алфавиту
    ksort($params, SORT_LOCALE_STRING);
    $tail = '';
    foreach ($params as $k => $v) {
        if ($k === 'sign') {
            continue;
        }
        $tail .= "{$k}={$v}&";
    }
    $tail = substr($tail, 0, -1);

    // 2. Формирование подписи (префикс init_payment)
    $params['sign'] = md5('init_payment' . $tail . $apiKey);

    // 3. Запрос к API
    $ch = curl_init('https://api.1payment.com/init_payment');
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true);
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($params));
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
    $response = curl_exec($ch);
    curl_close($ch);

    return $response;
}

// Пример данных запроса
$apiKey = getenv('ONEPAYMENT_API_KEY');
$data = [
    'partner_id' => 1234,
    'payment_type' => 'sbp',
    'project_id' => 5678,
    'token' => 'sbp_t_1a2b3c',
    'amount' => '500.00',
    'user_data' => 'sbp_order_888',
    'shop_url' => 'http://myshop.ru',
];

echo chargeSbpByToken($apiKey, $data);
```

{% /tab %}
{% tab label="cURL" %}

```bash
# Рекуррент: sign = md5("init_payment" + amount=500.00&partner_id=1234&payment_type=sbp&project_id=5678&shop_url=...&token=...&user_data=... + API_KEY)
curl -sS -X POST "https://api.1payment.com/init_payment" \
  -d "partner_id=1234&payment_type=sbp&project_id=5678&token=sbp_t_1a2b3c&amount=500.00&user_data=sbp_order_888&shop_url=http%3A%2F%2Fmyshop.ru&sign=PASTE_MD5_HEX"
```

{% /tab %}
{% /codeTabs %}

## API response

On a successful **recurring** request (`200`):

```json
{
  "order_id": "8p3brmb19gfg0sg8gcwhws8kgc748s87",
  "status": 2,
  "status_description": "PENDING"
}
```

For **form registration**, the response includes `url` (see [Form payment creation](./init-form.md)); via GATE — `redirect_url` (see [Host-to-host payment creation (GATE)](./host2host.md)).

Request error (`400`):

```json
{
  "error_code": 2
}
```

## Status notifications (callbacks)

On successful binding or charge, the system sends a **POST** request in JSON format to your `notify_url`.

| Parameter | Type | Req. | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `payment_type` | String | Yes | Payment type (`sbp`). |
| `order_id` | String | Yes | Payment ID in the 1Payment system. |
| `project_id` | Integer | Yes | Your project ID. |
| `status` | Integer | Yes | State: `3` (success), `4` (failure). |
| `status_description` | String | Yes | `SUCCESS` or `FAILURE`. |
| `init_time` | String | Yes | Payment creation time. |
| `status_time` | String | Yes | Time the final status was received. |
| `merchant_price` | Number | Yes | Amount for the payer. |
| `init_price` | Number | Yes | Amount at initiation. |
| `user_price` | Number | Yes | Amount credited to the partner. |
| `currency` | String | Yes | Currency (ISO 4217). |
| `account` | String | Yes | For SBP — `sbp`. |
| `user_data` | String | Yes | Your transaction ID passed at creation. |
| `sign` | String | Yes | Callback signature. |
| `token` | String | No | Token for subsequent charges — **store** it during binding. |
| `test` | Integer | No | `1` for test transactions. |
| `status_code` | String | No | Decline reason code. |

**Important:** your server must return **HTTP 200 OK**. Otherwise the system retries the callback **once per minute for 10 minutes**.

**Callback signature verification:** MD5 of parameters in alphabetical order joined by `&` + `API_KEY` (**without** the `init_payment` prefix). See [API request format](../init-request.md#callbacks-notifications).

## Related sections

- [Form payment creation](./init-form.md)
- [Host-to-host payment creation (GATE)](./host2host.md)
- [Payment status](./status.md)
- [Payment refunds](./refund.md)
- [Transaction statuses](../transaction-statuses.md)
- [Error codes (API)](../error-codes-api.md)
- [Decline error codes](../decline-error-codes.md)